I was asked in class if glycolytic oscillations have been observed "in vivo" (that is, in real living cells, instead of just in a test-tube that contains the same chemicals), and I said I'd look into some references. Here are two papers (selected from many) that report on this phenomenon; I included some quotes from their abstracts too. Nature 402, 320 - 322 (1999) Sustained oscillations in living cells by Sune Danø, Preben Graae Sørensen, and Finn Hynne "Glycolytic oscillations in yeast have been studied for many years simply by adding a glucose pulse to a suspension of cells and measuring the resulting transient oscillations of NADH [1-12]. Here we show, using a suspension of yeast cells, that living cells can be kept in a well defined oscillating state indefinitely when starved cells, glucose and cyanide are pumped into a cuvette with outflow of surplus liquid. Our results show that the transitions between stationary and oscillatory behaviour are uniquely described mathematically by the Hopf bifurcation..." Am J Physiol. 1992 Jun;262(6 Pt 1):E800-5. Oscillations of lactate released from islets of Langerhans: evidence for oscillatory glycolysis in beta-cells Chou HF, Berman N, Ipp E. "Oscillations in the glycolytic process have been demonstrated in a number of different biological systems. However, their presence has never been demonstrated in insulin-secreting beta-cells.... ... In conclusion, sustained oscillations in lactate released from islets of Langerhans suggest that the glycolytic process in beta-cells also oscillates...." While on the topic: you may want to look at: http://bill.srnr.arizona.edu/classes/496yGLYCOL.HTM for a good introduction, several experimental graphs, and lots of references