Theorem: Let M(n) be the number of walks of length n from [0,0,0], using unit positive steps and staying in the region x>=y>=z>=0. These are the famous Motzkin numbers, as first proved by Amitai Regev in 1981. Let A(n) be the number of such walks with , n - 10, steps, that start at, [6, 4, 0], Then A(n) = M(n - 4) - 4 M(n - 5) + 3 M(n - 6) + 3 M(n - 7) - 2 M(n - 8) - M(n - 9) Proof: Thanks to Regev's seminal result (that can be reproved with our approach), the summand for M(n), let's call it F(n,k), is n! ------------------------ 2 (k + 1) (k!) (n - 2 k)! The summand for A(n), let's call it G(n,k), is 3 5 6 2 (k - 1) (k - 2) (k - 3) (-1560 n + 3240 k - 2425 n - 95 n + 5 n + 3330 n 2 2 3 2 2 - 12744 n k + 13195 n k - 23893 n k - 5112 n k + 13188 n k 3 3 2 2 3 4 5 4 2 - 15080 n k - 2550 n k + 4210 n k - 3497 n k - 50 n k + 215 n k 3 3 2 4 5 2 4 4 6 - 508 n k + 697 n k - 526 n k + 12054 k + 745 n + 775 n k + 171 k 5 4 3 / + 1161 k + 6495 k + 14319 k ) k n! / ((k + 1) n (n - 1) (n - 2) / 2 (n - 3) (n - 4) (n - 5) (n - 6) (n - 7) (n - 8) (n - 9) (k!) (n - 2 k)!) To prove the Theorem, we must show that the sum (w.r.t. k), whose summand is G(n, k) - F(n - 4, k) + 4 F(n - 5, k) - 3 F(n - 6, k) - 3 F(n - 7, k) + 2 F(n - 8, k) + F(n - 9, k) is identically zero But this is a telescoping sum, the summand being H(n,k+1)-H(n,k) where H(n,k) is 3 5 6 6 5 2 (k - 1) (-720 n + 2160 k + 856 n + 580 n - 84 n - 56 n k + 300 n k 4 3 3 4 2 5 6 2 - 797 n k + 1114 n k - 792 n k + 270 n k + 744 n - 384 n k 2 2 3 2 2 3 - 13126 n k + 43744 n k + 17556 n k - 70941 n k + 115386 n k 3 2 2 3 4 5 4 2 + 35804 n k - 77479 n k + 78524 n k + 1140 n k - 5763 n k 3 3 2 4 5 2 4 4 + 13986 n k - 16836 n k + 8760 n k - 4212 k - 1380 n - 7626 n k 7 7 6 5 4 3 / + 4 n - 57 k - 1011 k - 29763 k - 66561 k - 39660 k ) k n! / (n / (n - 1) (n - 2) (n - 3) (n - 4) (n - 5) (n - 6) (n - 7) (n - 8) (n - 9) 2 (k!) (n - 2 k)!) Check! (or believe me). This concludes the proof of our theorem that is an analog of Amitai Regev's original conjecture (whose starting point was [2,1,0]). QED. this took, 0.615, second of CPU time